Electricity demand in Peninsular Malaysia is rising as the economy grows, electrification advances, and cooling needs increase. The National Energy Transition Roadmap (NETR) aims to meet this growth through renewables, with solar driving capacity expansion. The phase-out of coal increases the need for renewable energy to replace retiring generation capacity. Data center expansion adds to […]

SEA Tech Stack Sovereignty: The Electric Tech Stack is part of a series exploring technology sovereignty in Southeast Asia, developed by the Southeast Asia Institute. This paper builds on the framework presented in our previous paper, Southeast Asia Tech Stack Sovereignty: An Analytical Framework for Understanding Technology Sovereignty, and applies it to the region’s emerging electric technology […]

Indonesia’s most advanced AI users are already operating at the global frontier. The country ranks in the global top five for ChatGPT use in Codex and data analytics, with a cohort of advanced users applying AI to the complex, high-value tasks where productivity gains are largest. That frontier capability is rare among emerging economies and […]